Addiction

The Biology of the VTA and Dopamine Pathways

Meet the source of your drive. Discover the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) and how the unique dopamine pathways dictate your reward, your learning, and your addiction.

The Molecular Biology of Striatal MSNs and Habit

Meet the molecule that builds your life. Discover Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons (MSNs) and how the D1-D2 pathway dictates your ability to form and break habits.

The Biology of the Nucleus Accumbens: Shell vs. Core

Meet the reward center of your brain. Discover the Nucleus Accumbens and the molecular difference between its Shell and Core in dictating your drive for novelty and habit.

The Molecular Biology of Galanin: The Addiction Link

Meet the molecule of craving. Discover Galanin—the unique neuro-peptide that dictates your drive for high-fat food and your vulnerability to addiction.

Oxytocin and Addiction: Rewiring the Reward System

How the 'love hormone' oxytocin can modulate the brain's response to addictive substances and support recovery.

The Neurobiology of Cravings: Dopamine, Reward, and the Battle for the Brain

A deep dive into the mesolimbic dopamine system, the mechanics of reward prediction error, and the neurobiological strategies for overcoming the 'wanting' drive that fuels cravings and addiction.

The Neurobiology of Addiction: Dopamine, Reward Circuits, and the Path to Recovery

A comprehensive look at the brain's reward system, the molecular changes that occur during chronic substance use, and the neuroplasticity required for long-term sobriety.